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Realization Path of Comprehensive Tourism in Leisure Agriculture Based on Perspective of Element Flow: A Case Study of Chongqing
LU Qingling, LIU Yuexin, GAO Yang, ZHANG Zhonghao, CUI Lihan, SUN Ximan
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2023, 59 (3): 523-531.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2023.026
Abstract185)   HTML    PDF(pc) (9354KB)(112)       Save
In order to break the static distribution of leisure agricultural tourism, taking Chongqing as an example, the spatial domain is constructed based on the perspective of element flow, and the “source-sink” theory is applied. The results show that traditional leisure agricultural tourism in Chongqing mostly relies on cultivated land, forest land and grasslands, and the land space structure is compact, with the main urban area as the axis or along the Yangtze River. The comprehensive ecological sensitivity of Chongqing is relatively low, with moderate and mildly sensitive areas accounting for 62.49% of the total. The constructed “source-corridor” spatial domain includes 6 leisure agricultural tourism sources and 18 element flow corridors. Based on the spatial layout of “one center and two rings, one corridor and two wings”, the continuity and sustainability of leisure agricultural tourism in the whole area can be realized through the strengthening of 40 key nodes and the improvement of 18 corridors network. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the spatial distribution of tourism in Chongqing, and promote the innovative practice of comprehensive tourism management.
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Spatial Characteristics and Zoning Optimization of Rural Residential Muti-functions in Hilly Areas of South Yangtze Basin
PU Jinfang, LIU Shasha, WEN Liangyou, GAO Yang, WANG Shu
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2023, 59 (2): 271-280.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2023.011
Abstract223)   HTML    PDF(pc) (3385KB)(91)       Save
Taking Wannian County of Jiangxi Province as the research area, constructing the evaluation index system of rural residential multi-functions, using the methods of full arrangement polygon comprehensive graphic method, Spearman correlation analysis, spatial autocorrelation analysis and explicit comparative advantage weight index, this paper analyzes the spatial characteristics of rural residential multi-functions and carries out comprehensive functional zoning. The results show that 1) Wannian County presents the characteristics of “living function and production function are the main, followed by ecological function”, which is spatially heterogeneous. 2) There is a complex interaction between the multi-functions of rural residential areas, especially the synergistic relationship between living function and production function. 3) Based on the method of “zoning + revision”, Wannian County is divided into I, II, III, IV and V regions under the different goal orientations of coordinated development, function leading and green revitalization. Considering the interaction between functions based on the leading functions of rural residential areas, the delimitation of comprehensive functional areas is an effective way to optimize rural areas, which is of great significance to rural sustainable development. 
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Spatial-Temporal Characteristics and Pattern Evolution of Rural Territorial Multi-Functions in Wannian County, Jiangxi Province
WANG Yanan, PU Jinfang, GAO Yang, WANG Shu
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2021, 57 (6): 1121-1132.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2021.073
Abstract501)   HTML    PDF(pc) (5638KB)(109)       Save
Taking 128 administrative villages in Wannian County, Jiangxi Province as the research object, from 2010 to 2018 as the research time point, this paper constructs multi-functional evaluation index system of rural areas from three dimensions — production function, living function and ecological function, quantitatively measures the functional intensity of rural areas, and systematically analyzes and depicts the temporal variation and spatial differentiation process of the functional intensity of rural areas in Wannian County by the methods of trend surface analysis, spatial autocorrelation and cold hot spot analysis. The results show that from 2010 to 2018 the time difference and spatial differentiation characteristics of various functions index in rural areas of Wannian County were obvious and the local agglomeration effect was significant, but the overall regional differences narrowed. In the future, it is important to classify development of regional villages and enhance their leading function so as to achieve sustainable rural development.
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Abstractive Summarization Based on Fine-Grained Interpretable Matrix
WANG Haonan, GAO Yang, FENG Junlan, HU Min, WANG Huixin, BAI Yu
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2021, 57 (1): 23-30.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2020.082
Abstract1296)   HTML    PDF(pc) (850KB)(227)       Save
According to the great challenge of summarizing and interpreting the information of a long article in the summary model. A summary model (Fine-Grained Interpretable Matrix, FGIM), which is retracted and then generated, is proposed to improve the interpretability of the long text on the significance, update and relevance, and then guide to automatically generate a summary. The model uses a pair-wise extractor to compress the content of the article, capture the sentence with a high degree of centrality, and uses the compressed text to combine with the generator to achieve the process of generating the summary. At the same time, the interpretable mask matrix can be used to control the direction of digest generation at the generation end. The encoder uses two methods based on Transformer and BERT respectively. This method is better than the best baseline model on the benchmark text summary data set (CNN/DailyMail and NYT50). The experiment further builds two test data sets to verify the update and relevance of the abstract, and the proposed model achieves corresponding improvements in the controllable generation of the data set.
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Analysis of Rural Development Status and the Poverty Alleviation Project from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization in Jiangjin District of Chongqing
ZHU Wenjie, LIU Lulu, GAO Yang, FAN Xu
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2020, 56 (6): 1141-1151.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2020.105
Abstract946)   HTML    PDF(pc) (3861KB)(95)       Save
Taking Jiangjin District of Chongqing as an example, from the perspective of the rural revitalization strategy, the pre-diagnosis before the project implementation is carried out by constructing the analysis framework of “rural development status evaluation-type of country-pre-evaluation of poverty alleviation project” to identify the advantages and disadvantages of rural development. The results show that the average evaluation of the overall planning in Jiangjin District is 0.080, and high-value area is mainly distributed in the north and east of Jiangjin District. The average evaluation of infrastructure in Jiangjin District is 0.819, forming a southern low-value surrounding zone. The average evaluation of living environment is 0.713, forming a southern high-value surrounding zone and a northern low-value zone. According to the current development status, 241 villages in Jiangjin District can be divided into 15 types. The largest number of “planned general-foundation-generalenvironmental general” type is 64, scattered in the northern part of Jiangjin District. The number of poverty alleviation projects implemented in this type of village is 12, which is significantly more than other types of villages. The implementation of the poverty alleviation project in Jiangjin District is mainly concentrated in the west and the south. From the perspective of the type of rural development in the Jiangjin District and the implementation of each project, the improvement of the integrated planning and infrastructure poverty alleviation project has a higher matching degree with the rural development, but the poverty alleviation project to improve the living environment is only 3.
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Basic Supply Service Model of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region Based on LUCC-ESs Matrix
LI Xiaojing, GAO Yang, LI Shuangcheng
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2020, 56 (5): 950-958.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2020.064
Abstract783)   HTML    PDF(pc) (2252KB)(126)       Save
As the traditional ecosystem service evaluation methods have the disadvantageous as high subjectivity and low comparability, a LUCC-ESs matrix evaluation method is improved. Based on the land use/cover types, the proposed method calculates the ecosystem service units, then builds the LUCC-ESs matrix to evaluate the ecosystem services. This method can avoid different outcomes obtained by different calculation methods, and make these test results comparable and practical. The application of the basic supply service in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region indicates that the spatial pattern of the basic supply services is regional and highly connected with resource reserves and land productivities. The spatial pattern of the demand service appears the same movement and aggregation characteristics as that of the population, which decreases from the city center to suburban. The basic services both inside and outside Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region converge to the urban center. 
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Evaluation the Effects of Wind Erosion Control Projects in Typical Sandy Area Based on RWEQ Model
ZHANG Hanbing, GAO Yang, CUI Yanzhi
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2019, 55 (2): 342-350.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2019.010
Abstract995)   HTML    PDF(pc) (12099KB)(298)       Save

The revised wind erosion equation (RWEQ) is used to calculate the spatial and temporal changes of the wind erosion in Horqin Left Back Banner from 2010 to 2016, to evaluate the implementation effect of “Double Ten Million Mu” comprehensive management project in Horqin sandy land carried out by Tongliao Government. The results show that the wind erosion decreases significantly in Horqin Left Back Banner from 2010 to 2016, and the total wind erosion decreases from 38.93 million tons in 2010 to 18.83 million tons in 2016, down by 51.63%. The average wind erosion in the project implementation area is higher than the average wind erosion in Horqin Left Back Banner, which shows that the project construction achieves remarkable achievements and reduces the erosion effectively in the project area with high wind erosion. Project area construction has certain extraterritorial effect, and the positive effect of the project construction works not only within the project area, but also in the surrounding areas. The effective range is about 3 km far from the project area. After two years of project implementation, the relative wind erosion coefficient of different distance buffers decreases, and the closer to the project area the buffer is, the more positive effects it behaves.

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Research Progress in Culture Ecosystem Services (CES) and Its Development Trend
DONG Liangeng,ZHU Wenbo,GAO Yang,LI Shuangcheng
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis   
Abstract1544)      PDF(pc) (486KB)(885)       Save
The scale, evaluation index, method, the application in management and decision-making are reviewed through the published achievement of cultural ecosystem services (CES), and the research tendency is predicted. Perfecting the research framework, promoting the development of participatory mapping and strengthening the interaction between services are considered the most important topics in the future.
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Scale Sensitive Analysis of Cellular Automata Model
WANG Yang,GAO Yang,ZHAO Lin,ZHAO Zhiqiang,LI Shuangcheng
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis   
Abstract802)            Save
The authors present an analysis of how scale issues affect a cellular automata model of land use change developed for a research area in Longhua Town, Shenzhen City. The scale dependence of the model is explored by varying the resolution of the input data in 1990 used to calibrate the model and changing the length of model simulating time. To explore the impact of these scale relationships the model is run with input datasets constructed at the following spatial resolutions: 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210 and 240 m for simulating land use in 1995 and 2000. Three kinds of indicator, i.e. point by point accuracy, Kappa and real change accuracy are used to assess the scale sensitivity of the model. The results show that 1) the more fine the cell sizes are, the higher the accuracy of the simulation results; 2) path dependence of the isolated cells is an important source of the spatial scale sensitivity of CA model; 3) the specific geographical process in different periods of time is an important source of the temporal sensitivity scale of CA model. The results have great significance for the scale selection of CA model.
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Temporal Variation of Virtual Water of Selected Agricultural Products in Northeastern China
HUANG Jiao,GAO Yang,LI Shuangcheng
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis   
Abstract850)            Save
The authors investigated the temporal and spatial patterns of the virtual water content (/kg) and total virtual water requirements for rice, wheat, maize and soybeans in Liaoning Province, Jilin Province and Heilongjiang Province in Northeastern China from 1988 to 2008. The results show that soybeans had the highest water demand per kilogram, followed by wheat, rice and maize. Spatial variations were evident. Per kilogram rice consumes more water in Heilongjiang, while wheat in Jilin, maize and soybeans in Liaoning. In Heilongjiang, rice, wheat and soybeans had the highest total virtual water needs, 8.60×109, 3.98×109 and 1.22×1010m3, respectively. Whereas the largest total virtual water for maize (1.08×1010m3) appeared in Jilin Province. During the studied period, water demands per kilogram of soybeans and wheat fluctuated, while for rice and maize the demands were stable. As to total virtual water demand, it increased for maize and rice, whereas decreased significantly for wheat. These findings provide insights on the water demand of the four crops, and thus are meaningful for decision-makers.
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The Demand Study of the Technological Equipments for Disposal to the Emergency Rescue of a Great Earthquake in China
HU Weijian,SHANG Hong,SI Hongbo,NING Baokun,QU Guosheng,WANG Jianping,LI Lei,ZHANG Tiangang,SUN Gang,ZHAO Lanying,LI Li,XIE Peng,ZHANG Haitao,LIU Kang,DING Lu,GAO Yang,XU Yifan,LIU Jingjing,LIU Xuan
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis   
Abstract776)            Save
Through analyse of characters of China's earthquake and comparison of present technology conditions of the emergency rescue equipments in the domestic and international vital catastrophes. Based on “the project of the scientific research concerning Wenchuan 8.0 Earthquake Emergency Rescue”in China, the authors study sufficiently the various impediments factors to implement the earthquake catastrophe rescue on the aspects of technique and equipment in china. Furthermore, there are the following many considerations, for example, the communication command and management of the emergency rescue, the collection and transmission of the information from the rescue locale, the rescue and accessorial systems of the experts decision-making, especially, after the vital earthquake, the actions of searching lifes in the ruins, the rescue and safe protection suitable to the complex conditions of the landslides and the blocked traffic, the environment of the tumbled large building constructs and the small spaces in the ruins and so on. The basic technological equipment demands are presented to guarantee the effective rescue when a great earthquake occurs in China anywhere.
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SOFM-Based Classification for Land Price of City in China
GAO Yang,ZHAO Ruina,A Shan,LI Shuangcheng
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis   
Abstract698)            Save
Cities at prefectural level(area cities) are not only high-speed economic developing areas, but also the key areas of land supply, reorganization and active transaction. Five variables such as area of land transfer, average land prices, GDP, growth rate of GDP, and fixed assets investment are used to develop a self-organizing feature map(SOFM) artificial neural network model. The results show that 282 area cities in China are divided into the four categories: developed area of high land prices, developed area of low land prices, underdeveloped area of high land prices, underdeveloped areas of low land prices. According to the results, the characteristics of each region are analyzed and the current development situation is discussed. Classification results match the objective reality very well, indicating SOFM-based classification method is an alternative approach in research of socio-economic development.
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Effect of Plant Growth on Soil Enzyme Activity and Microbe Community Structure under Cd and Pb Stress
GAO Yang,MAO Liang,ZHOU Pei,ZHI Yue’e,ZHANG Chunhua
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis   
Abstract594)            Save
The aim is to study the effect of plant growth on soil enzymes activity and microbe community structure. The maize is the experimental plant. The results show that microbe respiration and enzyme activity increase with elevated heavy metal concentration in soil and culture time. Low concentration Pb in soil would be helpful to enhance dehydrogenase and urease activity, but there is not significant effect on phosphatase activity. Meanwhile, planting maize would be helpful to alleviate the effect of Cd and Pb on phosphatase and urease activity and enhance soil respiration, and decrease the inhibition for dehydrogenase and urease activity under Cd and Pb stress, whereas enhancing the ecological dose value for inhibiting phosphatase avtivity is not significant. The effect of Pb on soil polymorphic bands is smaller than that of Cd, and planting maize would increase the polymorphic value and DNA richness. Therefore, there are important meaning to enhance plant diversity for alleviating heavy metal toxicity, increasing microbe community diversity and enhancing soil health.
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Abel Transform of Equilibrium Equation of Axisymmetric Problem
GAO Yang,WANG Minzhong
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis   
Abstract842)            Save
The equilibrium equation of irrotational axisymmetric problem is converted into equilibrium equation of plane strain problem by using Abel transform directly rather than Алексадаров complex formula, thus it is proved that any axisymmetric problem is derived from plane problem by rotating.
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The Ellipsoidal Inhomogeneity with Imperfect Interface
ZHAO Yingtao,GAO Yang,WANG Minzhong
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis   
Abstract676)            Save
Presents an exact solution to the problem of an ellipsoidal inhomogeneity embedded in an infinitely extended body with imperfect interface subject to uniform shear stress at infinity. A kind of new boundary condition similar to the dislocation-like model is used. The tractions are assumed continuous across the interface, and the displacements may be discontinuous from one side to the other. With the help of Lamé functions, Papkowich-Neuber displacement potential functions are introduced. In the end, the displacements fields inside and outside the ellipsoid are obtained in explicit form, respectively. Then the stress field in the whole do main will be concluded relevantly.
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